Turbine-governor.



H. F. LIEDTKE.

TURBINE GOVERNOR.

APPLICATION FILED mam 1912.

1 ,035,7 1 3a Patenteii Aug. 13, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

I [6%1 l ZJ6 u l' 69. 1/. W

H. P. LIEDTKE. TURBINE GOVERNOR.

APPLICATION FILED 11.30, 1912.

1,035,71 3, Patented Aug. 13, 1912.

2 SHEETS SHEET 2 WWW aWLwM/boz HUGO F. LIEDTKE, 0F WILKINSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

TURBINE-GO VERNOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Piiteiiteilnug.11;,t9i2.

Application filed April 30, 19%. Serial No. 694175 To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HUGO F. Lieorim, i1 citizen of the United States; residing at Vilkinsburg, in the county of Allegheny and f State of Penns'ylv'animhaxe invented oertain new and useful Improvements in Turbine j Governors, of which the following is :i spec I ficatlon, reference being had therein to the m-coinpanying drawinge This invention relates to the; class of governors in which difference in the pressure of fluid caused by pumps when speed is responsive to variation of epexl of the motor governed is relied upon to client the governing action.

The governor comprises one or more centrifugal pumps whose weed nriee with the speed of the motor. such, for example, as a turbine-engine. with whirl) it is zisstw ated, and it makes use of the pr nciple that the fluid pre=sure levelo ml by \j'entz'ilegnl pumps varies; directly as the square of their rotiuire speed. Means are provided whereby this variation of fluid. pressure i'i'iret'tly or to ll greater degree Eflea=t-s the pen er-regulating devices of n mix-tor. with as the e e or valves of n fluidfntissm'e turbine or "the timer of an internal tomhustion engine. with the result that the powencontrolling devices to n-greater degree are responsive to speed variation than if the were dependent directly upon speed variation for their movement necessary to alter the power of the motor to accommodate greater or less; loads. and that slight variation of speed is reflected in the powerontrolling de ices in time to prevent marked variation of speed. in order that, the motor may be maintained at practically uniform speed.

When read in connection with the description herein, the details of construction and arrangement of parts of the invention, and the principles involved therein. will be apparent from the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, wherein preferable embodiments of the invention, as applied to a stcnm turbinc, are disclosed, for purgn'zees of illustration.

While the devices -Qhown herein now are considered to represent thebest embodiments of the invention, it is to be unders od that they merely are illustrative of the principles thereof, that the several inetrumentzilities employed in carrying out the invention can be variously organized within the limits pre' scribed by the claims hereinafter Without l l l I departing in the least from the nature and spirit of the invention. that it is n t the in I tention to be limited necessarily to the pro (:iee dclinentions herein in interpret-ations of G0 he (l:illfl&3, end ihat the invention is ens-rept'ive of use with other devices than that with which it is shown here in it lion,

Like reference-choracle: to S" f !1 l ng})tIiSiD the view; or t of which--- Figure l is a sectional view: Fig. 2 is an end ilEWZ and Fig. is sect onal View of another form Having more gmrii-isulni t-iu'uwe to 7t drawings, end parti ularly to Fig.5; i an! designzitee a valve ch st of o uid-pr turbine: R valve at in p; i "rig;m'twewlly of the valve-ch 'i l t? it zilic ml the stem within the hee ontrolling admine on of fluid iii-om n tlni iet to the tmb may -uitoible :mowo" at :r

the oi. oi Zhe Hirbiii Lrahly. but n t no :ion of the rotor 12,

F0! the pornowith respes't to it i is mention d her J type. wontrol element of any m tor and there n \onlrolling the power of the lllT EHEG. hi: invention provides a gmernor that now will be desori'ned. 3

A casing it"; is poeitiomvd rmiveniently with reepect to the turbine and it has therein another casing; ll, whereliy lower reservoir i2 and an upper reer-rv-;.=ir 13 are formed. The halt 9 extends through the upper reservoir, and it has there n within the reservoir centrifugal pumps 14 and 15. A pipe 1C extends upwardly from pump 14 to a casing 17 below a piston 18 contained in the casing. The piston has thereon on 11g \vardlyextending pistonq'od 19. Above t piston a downwnrilly-ueting spring 20 is interposed between a screw-threaded adjust-- able abutment 21 on the piston-rod and a yoke 22 on the easing, which yoke serv s as n guide for the piston-rod. A pipe 23 e):- tends upwardly from pump 15. and it leads to passages 24- nnd 25 opening, respectively, into piston-casings 2F and 27. The passage 24 leade into crowing 26 below a, piston 28 contained therein. and this piston lme time on an upwardly extending p n-ion rod 3 Above the piston a downwnrdlyacting spring 30 is interposed between a. screwthnwlwl ,uljiumhlv uliutuwut t ut-ml :llHl )ulw 7 on the Posing, this \uh't wrviug m u gni-l0 for the piAonqod. 'lho p; u; u- L'Jlvmls into ("axing :27 above a pimm Iii. wutuinwl tl'wrrin. :llltl this piston hm thvrt-on a ph-lun-ro l 3t vxtvncling up \Hlltlll' through the top of tho (using iinzl through a guhlr-yolte 33 on tho (:lSll'lg: An upurrllvartiug spring 38 is intorposotl h0- tivt-vn :1 .wrow-tlnmi l rl .i-lll'lfiltlhlt. abutment on tho piston-r ll :itill tho howl of tho (oar lug. 'lhr :n'irzingrniriu l such that mule!- intlurnvr of lit ltibt" m Jerrimse of il'ttlti l li-. lli't' in tin vm--ingx 3 :inilQT the {int-ms lln-rrin mow nppmito tlirmrtimimx link 3* finally winwvtctl to the upper Will of f a link or lt tl 39 pivotwl intornwriiatr its rmly to thrnppvr curl of pistunwod 34; at it othor t-ml link or lover 39 is pimtally mnnortwl h v a link 40 tvith'onv Phil of a link or lover ll plYtllt-(l intti'nimliute its t'lhlrt to the up'pvr mid of piston-rod il and link or lewr ll a! ll? otlur owl is pivotall v r nurc-trrl by u linl: 42 with one rnd of a link or lrvrr l3 pivrlully supported intermediate its mulwhv a liI'lKhil 4-4. the other mil of the link or lover .43 liming rouneirtril in a link 45 with tho vslvostem ii.

The t'ulrrnm of the link or lover 39 tit its phuv of runner-lion with pistonrm'l 34 of pir-t0n 33 is :l. movnhl (mi?- PlFlOtl 28- (201% llt'il'ttl with out? Phil of this link of! lover and pi ton flit nvivo in opposite (l'll'tilll'lTN to onrh ntlwr upon urrurronre of either fluid romlitiou latrr n'u-utirmml, and. therefore. tho opvrutingrnrl of tho link. or lovrr 3:) ronuni-tori with tho i: lt'or lover 41 has it much vltlt'l motion than it \voulii luive'if lllt' flllt'l'lllll \vvnxtixml: nn l in turn. thr ful- Tim! M tho link or liwvr ll zit i'tfi ilnrv of living: u innvnhle ()Xlt tllltl pinion l3 of that rod h 'eing urn-in rr'tl to mow in f ilii'vriinu opposite to movmuvnt of its c-inl ronnorlwi with linh or l er lfh nmvoinrnt 01' it? ftllltl or I)l,)tt'2llltl !l "lho rmnn'voirs 19 unit [3 nrr lillrll with any Sillltlblt, liquiil. prefrrahly lulu-matingoil. \Vhvn tho slmt'i is rotntwl', tho pumps 14 Ellltl 1.3 will than liquid from the row!"- voir l t niul ton-r it. rmpwiivolv. into pipvs to and 23 illt l thrrohy i'nuintain tluitl prossur-r against the pistons lt t and 33 in a direction oppo itc to Hit? :irtio-n of thvir re spvrtivr sn'in zst'snui as the pistons are movwi umlor th. infiueiuro of this: n'ossuro movrtuout will ho impmtwl to the valve 6 hrough thr insrouirutulitv of linlm 38. 30 4 ll, 49. 43., mil 4:; and Yfllw't'fill'll 5 The pistmrsprings are m lllllfiiflllttl hy :uljusting the srrr-w-threaclod ahutments .21. 31, and 37, that they will hold the pistons against. movrment under the influence of fluid pressure developed by the pumps when tion.

the )lSlGl'lS l8 and will he HIOWtl up- 2* on'thn 'piw 5 tho valve is in the proper position to admit,

nitficil-nt fluid to the turbine toilrive it at the (ltSlYtd spend under normal load. \Vhen the speed of the turbine increases, herause of lush loud or for any other reason, the fluid prrrsure developed by the pumps will he inrrensod in ac orclsmce with the speed, the pistons will he moved tzgillntsl the tenno of their springs, amt the valve moved to ntlniit less fluid to the tlllhllltt and when the speed falls below normal, the fluid res- Fure developed my the pumps also fal s in nccordanoe with the same principle of hydraulics and the springs will move the pistons anti thereb the valve in a direction to admit more Quill to tho turbine.

The operatiro parts of thee governor function as rruill'iplying devices to make, and

the principles involved in the governor make, the valve deliratoly sensitive to speed variation; that is the degrre of alteration of valve position it; greater than if it depended (lirectlv on the variation of s d of the turbine. It will be seen that. w on the speed only slightly varies the fluid pressure on the pistons will be .vsriml to a greater degree and the valve moved in response to movement of the pistons to a grPatm' degree than that rlirertly rlepontlunt on speed varia- Forexample, if the speed is incrrawd,

\varlv and the piston 33 downwardly uniler thr inlluoncv of tho inrroaseil fluid pres sure, Now, if thr vnlvv were connected with any our of the pistons so 21S to have equal movemont tlwrmvitl the valvo movemont would be in iirrorilanro with the inrrwiso of speed; lint, as thothor two pisions are rmiurrteil so as to. give further sho'rmnrut to the valve through tho instrumr-ntality of tho lover-links. the susceptibility of the valve to spend variation further is nccontuntetll Ass'uming that tho linksor lovers 39, 41. :inrl 43 are pivoted ventrally lwhvoon their mnnrctioim with othor linkn. and that the prossurr is altered under-the intlnonro of rpvrtl variation so that earl: of the pistons is moved our-eighth ins'h: Then the-pistonrod ronnortmlwith the Pntl of lPVtl 39 W1" llltll't' tln other eml Ont"-(!2lllll mrh and the pistmrrovl rnnurrtorl ventrally of thetlevor will impart nn additional movg-ment of two-'1 righthn lllt'll. and a totalmovonmntof three eighths inch is given to the end of the lever and thorohy to the end of leverll, and tho piston-rod ('ounrotwl rrntmlly of lever 41" will import an additional movement of two "ighths inch to the 9nd of that lever that. is

ronnertwl with the valve, wheri bythe valve will have a movement of fiv'oeighthS-in'ch;

By changing the reli tive len 11:: of the lovers, a multiplying factor as ttS fifteen or twenty may be ohtnineihif flPSiI' t l. Therefore, it will be seen that tho valvg is responsive to speed variation from both the ;mo tiplyin factors of fluid pressure from .the centri u all umps and from the arrangement a plurality of pistons and the lever-links that are themselves responsive to that pressure.

For the urpose of supplyln oil to the Jiearings o the turbine and of eeping the upper reservoir filled with oil, a centm ugal l0 'pump 46 is positioned on shaft 9 exterior of that resevoir. -A suction-pipe 47 extend}; rom the lower reservoir 12 to this pump, a discharge-pipe 48 leads from. the pump to 'the bearings, a return-pipe 49 from the 46 .bearin s leads to the reservoir 12, and a pipe leais from pipe 48 to the upper reservoir 3; and the ump, while in motion, keeps -l ,ubricating-o1l in circulation through these ,;.pipes. A suflicient amount of oil to keep E9 the upper reservoir full flows from pipe 50, "f'ji nd overflow from this reservoir returns tot-he lower reservoir.

Referring to Fig. 3, the arrangement and H 3 operation of governor-casing 10, inner easas ing 11, reservoirs 12 and 13, centrifugal 'pumps 14 and 15, pipes 16 and 23, passages 24 and 25, pislon-casings 26 and 27, piston 28, piston-rod 29, spring 30, abutment 31, yoke 32, piston 33, piston-rod 34, yoke 35,

80 spring 36, abutment 37, and the oilcircu-.

lilting-system comprising the pump 46 and pipes 47, 4B, 49, and 50, aresubstantially the same as disclosed by Figs. 1 and 2. However, in this form, instead of pistons 28 and 85 33 in cooperation with another piston imparting their motion directly to the turbinevalve, these pistons are employed to control, through the instrnmentality of a link 51, link or lever 52, and link 53 a valve 54' of a discharge-pipe 55 leading from a piston-casing 56 to the reservoir 13. The pipe 16 of pump 14 leads-into this piston-casing,

. and a ove the places of entrance and discharge there is in the casing a piston 5? ,46 having thereon a piston-red 58 extending I upvvardly. Above the piston a downwardlyacti'ng spring 59 is interposed bet-ween a I screw-threaded adjustable abutment 60 on piston-rod am a yoke 61. on the casing. 50. A link 62 is pivot-all connected to the upr pen end of p1ston-rod 58 and to the end of v a llIlk or lever 63 pivoted intermediate its "ends on a bracket '64, and link 63 is piv otally conpected at its other end Witlmthef 36 valve-stem Shy a link 65. In this embodi: agent of the invention, the pistons 28 and 83 move in response to speed variation in substantially the same manner as in the fcrm shown by Figs. 1 and 2, but their movem nt resultsin movement of the valve 54', h reby resistance to flow of liquid through Pipe 55 IS Rlt P-Gd and the amount of presstlre on piston 57 correspondingly altered.

or exam lej,i'f in rewgme to increase of 55 Speed of t e uumpspig gigyed gp wardly and piston 33 downwardly, the valve 54 will be moved downwardly to further close the passage through pipe 55, esistnnce to flow of liquid through that me is increased, fluid pressure against piston 57 is increased both by the accelerated action of pump 14 and restriction of flow from the' piston-casing 56, and piston 57 moved upwardly and the turbine-valve thereby moved toward closed position. When the speed of the pumps decreases, the movement of pistons 28 and 33 is in opposite directions to that of increase, the valve 54 is moved to open further the passage through pipe 55, resistance to flow of fluid through the pipe is thereby decreased, fluid pressure against piston 57 is decreased both by the less pressure derived from pump 14 and the less resistance to flow from the piston-casing 56, the piston 57 is moved downwardly under the influence of spring 59, and the turbinevalve thereby moved away from closed position to admit more fluid to the turbine.

It will be seen that the principle. of innitiplying the movement of the turbine-valve in response to speed variationby the variation of the pressure in the piston-casings in accordance with the square of speed and by the action of a plurality of pistons is employed in this, as well as in the other, form; for the piston 57 connected with the turbine-valve is moved. not only in rcspome to the variation in fluid pressure in its casing caused by variation of speed of the pump 14, but also in response to the further variation in pressure caused by movement of valve 54.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new. and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. A governor comprisii'ip a source of fluid pressun' responsive to speed variation, a member arranged to control a powenrcgulating device, associated with said member a plurality of pistons susceplivc of movement under influence of said source of lluid pressure to move said member in one direction in response to one kind of speed variation, and means whereby said member is moved in the opposite direction in response to another kind of Speed variation.

1 2. A governor comprising a source of fluid pressure responsive to speed variation, :1 member arranged to control a pmvcr-regu lating device, associated with said member a,plurality of )istons susce 'itive of movement under in uence of increase of fluid pressure from said source to move said memer in one direction, and means whereby said member is moved in the opposite direction on decrease of fluid pressure.

3. A governor comprising a source of fluid pressure responsive to speed variation, a link arranged to control a power-regulating devioe, a plurality of p stons connected rection and its fulcrum in'tlie opposite di i'ection upon variation of fluid pressure from said source.

5. A governor comprising a source of tluid pressure responsive to speed variation, ,a lever arranged to have one end affect a power-regulating device, a member movable in one direction under the influence of increase of fluid pressure from said source and connected with said lever at its other end, a membermovable in the opposite direction under the influence of increase of fluid pressure from said source and on which said lever is fulcrumed iutermediateits ends, and means whereby said members on decrease of fluid pressure from said source aremoved in (ii-- parted on increase .of pressure. (3. A governor comprising a source 0 fluid pressure resplcnsive to speed variation, a link arranged to control a power-regulat 5 inn device. conne ted with said link. a plurality of pistons of which one is arranged to he moved in one direction and another in an opposite direction under influence jof inrreaso' of fluid pressure from .said source to rections contrarv 'to.those movements im- 40 move a portion of said link in one direction,

and means whereby said portion of said link. is moved in the opposite direction on decrease of fluid pressure from said source.

7. A governor comprising a source'of fluid pressure responsive to speed variation,

a lever tulcrumcd intermediate its'ends and having an operating end, means arranged to move the othor.end of said lever in, one direction and its fulcrum in the opposite dircct-ion upon variation of fluid, pressure from said source, a piston 'susce'ptiveof movement upon variation of fluid pressure 7 from said source, a link connect-ed with said piston and arranged for connection with a -power-rcgula'ti11g device. and means whereby movement of the operating end of said lever atl'ects movement of said link. i

, 8,. governor comprising a source of fluid pressure responsive to speed variation,

a lever having an operating end, a member movable in one direction under influence of increase of fluid pressure from said source,

pressure from said source are -lmovedin dr' .rections contrary to those of movements imparted on increase of pressure.

9. A governor comprising a source of fluid pressure responsive tospeed variation, 2. link, a plurality of pistons connected/with said link and susceptive of movement under, influence of increase of fluid pressure'from said source to move a portion of said; link in one direction, another piston also sus' c'eptive of movement under influence of increase of fluid pressure from said source,

link connected with said lastmentioned .piston andv arranged for connection with a power-regulating device, means whereby 'movement of said first-mentioned'link affects the movement of said last-mentioned link, and means wherebysaid links on'dejcrease of fluid pressure from said source 5 are moved in directions contrary to those imparted on increase of. pressure.

IO. A governor comprising a source of fluid pressure responsive to speed variation,- a link, connected with said link a plurality of pistons of which one is arranged to be moved in one direction and another in the opposite direction under influence oi in crease of fluid pressurefrom said source to move a portion of said link in one direction,

another piston also susceptive of movement. under influenceof increase of fluid pressure from said source, a link connected with said last-mentioned piston and arranged for iconnection with a power-regulating device, means wh reby movementof said fir t-mentioned lin affects, the movement. of said last-mentioned link. and means whereby, said links-on decrease of 'fiuidpressure from said source are moved in directions contrary to those of movements imparted 'on increase of pressure. In testimony whereof I afllx my signature in presence of two witnesses. HUGO LIEDTKE. Witnesses: I

J AS. E. SWISHELM, JAMES G. S'roRER.

Correction in Letters Pateht No. 1 ,035,713.

BEST AVNLABLE COPY It is hereby Masai that in Letters Patent No.1,035,'i'13,grant,ed August. 13,

1912, upoh the applicltione! Hugo F. Liedtke, of Wilkinsburg, Pennsylyanie, fer

an improvement in Turbine-Governors, an error appears in the printed specifieatiou requiring eorrection follows: Signature of patentee' b0 the specification was,

erroneouslyprinwd Hugo Liedtke,whe11eas it should hev 'e been printed'Hugo F. Liedtke; end that the id Lethal-e Patent should he read with this correction therein thtt the same may conform to the record of the ease in the Patent Ofhce.

Signed and sealed this 17th day of September, A. 1);, 1912 0. .0. BILLINGS, 1 Am Comrhisimar of PM. 

